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A basilar skull fracture (or basal skull fracture) is a fracture of the base of the skull, typically involving the temporal bone, occipital bone, sphenoid bone, and/or ethmoid bone. This type of fracture is rare, occurring as the only fracture in just 4% of severe head injury patients. Such fractures can cause tears in the membranes surrounding the brain, or meninges, with resultant leakage of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The leaking fluid may accumulate in the middle ear space, and dribble out through a perforated eardrum (CSF otorrhea) or into the nasopharynx via the eustachian tube, causing a salty taste. CSF may also drip from the nose (CSF rhinorrhea) in fractures of the anterior skull base, yielding a halo sign. These signs are characteristic for basilar skull fractures. ==Signs and symptoms== *Battle's sign - is bruising of the mastoid process of the temporal bone. *Raccoon eyes - is bruising around the eyes] i.e. "black eyes" *Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea *Cranial nerve palsy *Bleeding (sometimes profusely) from the nose and ears * Hemotympanum * conductive or perceptive deafness, nystagmus, vomitus *In 1 to 10% of patients, optic nerve entrapment occurs:〔 the optic nerve is pressed by the broken skull bones, causing irregularities in vision. *Serious cases usually result in death 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Basilar skull fracture」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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